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Micro-Bose or Proca dark matter stars from black hole superradiance

Authors: March-Russell, J.; Rosa, J.G.

Ref.: Phys. Rev. D 113(10), L101304 (2026)

Abstract: We study the production of heavy, & micro; >= 1 TeV, bosonic spin s = 0, 1 dark matter (DM) via the simultaneous processes of Hawking evaporation and superradiance (SR) from an initial population of small, $106 kg, primordial black holes (PBHs). Even for small initial PBH spins, the SR process can produce extremely dense gravitationally bound DM Bose or Proca soliton "stars" of radius $pm and mass 10few kg that can survive to today, well after PBH decay. These solitons can constitute a significant fraction of the DM density, rising to >= 50% in the vector DM case.

DOI: 10.1103/rwn4-8ywh